What designation is given to fixed-wing aircraft tailored for experimental purposes?

The designation "Experimental" is given to fixed-wing aircraft specifically designed for testing new technologies, systems, or concepts. These aircraft play a crucial role in aviation development, allowing engineers and designers to evaluate innovations that may lead to advancements in flight performance, safety, and operational capabilities. Because experimental aircraft often incorporate unique features or modifications that aren't found in standard operational models, they are essential for research and development in the aerospace industry.

This classification emphasizes the aircraft's primary purpose as a testbed for experimentation rather than combat or reconnaissance missions, which distinguishes it from other designations like Reconnaissance, Multi-Purpose, and Fighter. Reconnaissance aircraft are built mainly for surveillance tasks, while Multi-Purpose aircraft serve various roles in combat, and Fighter aircraft are designed primarily for air-to-air combat. The specific focus of an experimental aircraft on testing and innovation is what sets it apart in this context.